Kumaun University
B. Sc. III (Final Year) Geology
THREE-YEAR FULL-TIME PROGRAMME
Paper I
Economic Geology Max marks 34
Unit-I: Definition and scope of ore deposits, ore minerals and gangue minerals.
Unit-II: Occurrence, distribution and uses of metalliferous deposits in India i.e.- Copper, lead, zinc, iron, manganese, aluminium, chromium, nickel, gold, silver, molybdenum.
Unit-III: Indian occurrence and uses of non-metals i.e.- mica, asbestos, barites, gupsum, graphite, apatite and beryl.
Unit-IV: Indian occurrence of gemstones, refractory minerals, abrasives and minerals used in glass, fertilizer, paint, ceramic and cement industries. Building stones, phosphorite deposits. Placer deposits, rare earth minerals.
Unit-V: Brief idea of the origin, mode of occurrence of coal and hydrocarbons and their distribution in India.
Unit-VI: Mineral resources of Uttarakhand
Unit-VII: Elementary knowledge of mineral exploration and mining
Suggested Reddings:
1. Economic Geology by Umeshwar Prasad
2. Economic Geology by Bates and Jenson
3. Economic Geology by Evans
Paper II
Photogeology Max marks 33
Unit I: Definition and scope of photogeology. EM radiation and EM spectrum. EM energy interactions with atmosphere and earth surface features.
Unit II: Film and digital aerial photography. Types of aerial photographs. Annotations on aerial photographs.
Unit III: Scale of aerial photographs. Relief distortions and vertical exaggeration in aerial photographs. Orthophotographs.
Unit IV: Aerial photography mission. Tilt in aerial photographs. Stereoscopic vision in aerial photographs. Stereoscopes and their types.
Unit V: Phototechnical and geotechnical elements of photo-interpretation. Aerial photo mosaics, their types and utility.
Unit VI: Application potential of aerial photographs in land cover, landform, rock type and structure recognition,
Paper III
Environmental Geology Max marks 33Unit I: Scope and aims of environmental geology. Biosphere and man.
Unit II: Natural hazards- Earthquakes, volcanism, floods, avalanches, landslides and slopefailures, Strategies and coping up with natural hazards.
Unit IV: Elementary idea of soil types. Soil erosion and conservation.
Unit III: Climatology and global environment- Coastal, reverine, dessertic , tropical, cold and polar. Green house effect and global warming
Unit V: Preliminary idea of environmental implications of mining activities and their remedies.
Unit VI: Elementary concept of watershed management. Land reclamation
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