Syllabus of B.Sc. I year Botany in Kumaun University ~ Kumaun University Nainital

Monday, 11 May 2015

Syllabus of B.Sc. I year Botany in Kumaun University

KUMAUN UNIVERSITY

Syllabus of B.Sc. (Botany) I Year

THREE-YEAR FULL-TIME PROGRAMME  

Syllabus of  B.Sc. I year Botany in Kumaun University

Note: For the Students taken admission in B.Sc. after 2015-16

Paper  I -  FUNGI, LICHENS, BACTERIA AND PLANT VIRUSES -  M.M-33


UNIT-I

1-  Introdction and salient features of Fungi, A brief  history of  the study of  Fungi and their place among the organism.

2-  Somatic structure of  Fungi.  Nutritional and Dnyiron metro needs of  fungi.

3-  Logical and ecological grouter of  fungi.

4-  Reproduction in Fungi –the fungal spore, asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction, heterothallism (two allelomorph heterothallism only), heterokaryosis and parasexual cycle (general idea only).

5-  Pathology of fungal plant diseases- A brief idea about disease symptoms, establishment of diseases, categories of plant diseases on the basis of their occurrence, control of plant dideases-brief idea about exclusion, eradication, protection by fungicides and by developing resistance.

6-  Importance of fungi both beneficial and harmful.

                                                
UNIT-II

1-  A broad classification of fungi upto the class level incorporating the latest ideas with respect ot classification pointing out the plave of the genera of fungi in the syllabus . 

2-  A study of the complete life history of the following genera.

LOWER FUNGI:
Stemonitis, Physarum, Synchytrium, Saprolegnia, Albugo, Pythium, Phytophthora and Rhizopus.

HIGHER FUNGI
Saccharomyces (Yeast), Eurotium (Aspergillus, Pencillium), Eryshiphe, Morchella, Ustilago, Puccinia, Agaricus, Alternaria, Colletotrichum and Cercospora.

                                               

UNIT-III
1-  Lichens: occurrence, symbiotic relationship, general structure, reproduction and economic importance.
2-  Bacteria : Structure, reproduction and economic importace.
3-  Plant viruses : nature, structure, transmission, multiplication and economic importance and baceriophages. 


Paper II - ALGAE AND BRYOPHYTA                                      M.M-33



UNIT-I 

1-  Introduction and salient features of Algae and their place among the organisms.
2-  Range of gegetative structure of Algae.  Cell structure of Prokaryotic and Eukarryotic Algae.
3-  Reproduction, types of life cycles (haplontic, diplontic, diplohaplontic, haplobiontic and diplobiontic)
     and  alternation of generations in algae.
4-  Ecology of algae-brief idea of fresh water and marine algae, terrestrial algae, phytoplanktons,
     epiphytic, parasitic and symbiotic algae.
5-  Economic importance of algae as food and fodder, in agriculture, industry and public health.
 UNIT-II 
 1-  Classification of algae (Smith) upto class level and basis of classification.
2-  Structure, reproduction and life cycles of the following genera.
3- Nostoc, Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Cladophora, Oedogonium, Chara, Vaucheria, Ectocarpus,
    Sargassum, Polysiphonia, Diatoms.


UNIT-III 

1-  Introduction and salient features of  Bryophytes.  Their place quereg the plant kingdom.
2-  Habitats, distribution and economic importance of  Bryophyta.
3-  Classification of Bryophytes.
4-  A brief account of alternation of generations.
UNIT-IV 
 Comparative study of Riccia, Marchantia, Pellia, Anthoceros and Funaria on the basis of  the
following features:
    1-  Morphology and anatomy of the gametophyte, vegative and sexual reproduction and
        structure of sporophyte.
    2-  Mechanism of spore dispersal and germination of spores (details of development are not
        required)


Paper III - PTERIDOPHYTA, GYMNOSPERMS AND ELEMENTARY
PALAEOBOTANY 


UNIT-I 


1-  Introduction and salient features of Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms.  Their  Plase awary the plant   kingdom.
2-  Habitats, distribution and economic importance of pteridophytes and gymnosperms.
3-  Classification of pteridophytes and gymnosperms upto order level, pointing out the features of  special  significance of each class.
4-  Alternation of generations   in pteridophytes and gymnosperms.


UNIT-II

Comparative study of Rhynia, Lycopodium, Selaginella, Equisetum, Pteris and Marsilea on the
basis of the following features:
1-  Morphology and anatomy of the vegetative plant body and spore producing organs
     (stobilus,  sporocarp, sporophyll, sporangium and spores), sexual reproduction.
2-  Telome theory, steler system,  apogamy, agamospory, apospory, heterospory and seed habit.


UNIT-III

Comparative study of Cycas, Pinus and Ephedra on the basis of the following features:
1-  Morphology  and anatomy of the vegetative body, sporophylls (their arrangement),
     sporangia, spores, male and female gametophyte, pollination, fertilization, embryology
     and germination.
2-  Types of wood thickenings, tracheids, medullary rays, pith and resin canals, mesarch and
      pseudomesarch, foliar bundles and stomata.


UNIT-IV

1-  Fossils, their types and process of fossilization.
2-  Gereral idea about various geological eras.
3-  Living fossils.




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